Germanium
| Latin name | Germanium |
| English name | Germanium |
| chemical symbol | Ge |
| atomic number | 32 |
| relative atomic mass | 72,61 |
| period | 4 |
| group | IV.A |
| classification | metalloids |
| discovery year | 1866 |
| discoverer | C. A. Winkler |
| melting point [°C] | 937,4 |
| boiling point [°C] | 2830 |
| density [g cm-3] | 5,323 |
| density at melting point [g cm-3] | 5,6 |
| electronegativity [Pauling] | 2,01 |
| stand. el. potential [V] | +0,12 |
| oxidation states | II, IV |
| electron configuration | [Ar]3d10 4s2 4p2 |
| specific heat [J g-1K-1] | 0,32 |
| heat of fusion [kJ mol-1] | 36,94 |
| thermal conductivity [W m-1 K-1] | 60 |
| el. conductivity [S m-1] | 2.103 |
| 1. ionizing potential [eV] | 7,9 |
| 2. ionizing potential [eV] | 15,934 |
| 3. ionizing potential [eV] | 34,22 |
| Mohs hardness | 6 |
| state at normal conditions | solid |
Resources
- BARTHELMY, David. Mineral Species containing Gemanium. In: Mineralogy database [online]. 2010 [cit. 2012-07-09]. Available from: http://webmineral.com/
- GUBERMAN, David. Germanium. In: U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Mineral Commodity Summaries [online]. 2013 [cit. 2013-02-25]. Available from: http://minerals.usgs.gov/
- JURSÍK, František. Anorganická chemie nekovů. Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická v Praze, Praha 2001. ISBN 80-7080-417-3.
- STARÝ, Jaromír; SITENSKÝ, Ivo; HODKOVÁ, Tereza. Surovinové zdroje České republiky - Nerostné suroviny 2011. In: Česká geologická služba. Surovinové zdroje v ČR [online]. 2011 [cit. 2012-07-25]. Available from: http://www.geology.cz/
- STWERTKA, Albert. A Guide to the Elements. Oxford: University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-19-515027-9.
- TANANAEV, Ivan; ŠPIRT, Michail. Chimija germanija. Moskva: Chimija, 1967.
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