Thorium
| Latin name | Thorium |
| English name | Thorium |
| chemical symbol | Th |
| atomic number | 90 |
| relative atomic mass | 232,0381 |
| period | 7 |
| group | IV.B |
| classification | actinides |
| discovery year | 1828 |
| discoverer | J. J. Berzelius |
| melting point [°C] | 1750 |
| boiling point [°C] | 4000 |
| density [g cm-3] | 11,7 |
| electronegativity [Pauling] | 1,3 |
| oxidation states | IV |
| electron configuration | [Rn]6d2 7s2 |
| specific heat [J g-1K-1] | 0,12 |
| heat of fusion [kJ mol-1] | 16,1 |
| thermal conductivity [W m-1 K-1] | 54 |
| el. conductivity [S m-1] | 6,7.106 |
| 1. ionizing potential [eV] | 6,08 |
| 2. ionizing potential [eV] | 11,504 |
| 3. ionizing potential [eV] | 20,003 |
| Mohs hardness | 3 |
| Vickers hardness [MPa] | 350 |
| Brinell hardness [MPa] | 400 |
| shear modulus [GPa] | 31 |
| Young modulus [GPa] | 79 |
| state at normal conditions | solid |
Resources
- FRONDEL, Clifford. Systematic mineralogy of uranium and thorium. Geological Survey Bulletin 1064. Washington. U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1958.
- REMY, Heinrich. Anorganická chemie - II. díl. 2. české vydání, dotisk. Praha: SNTL 1972, s. 109-116
- STARÝ, Jaromír; SITENSKÝ, Ivo; HODKOVÁ, Tereza. Surovinové zdroje České republiky - Nerostné suroviny 2011. In: Česká geologická služba. Surovinové zdroje v ČR [online]. 2011 [cit. 2012-07-25]. Available from: http://www.geology.cz/.../rocenka2011sur.pdf
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