Thulium

Latin nameThulium
English nameThulium
chemical symbolTm
atomic number69
relative atomic mass168,93421
period6
groupIII.B
classificationlanthanides
discovery year1879
discovererPer Cleve
melting point [°C]1545
boiling point [°C]1950
density [g cm-3]9,33
density at melting point [g cm-3]8,56
electronegativity [Pauling]1,25
oxidation statesII, III
electron configuration[Xe]4f13 6s2
atomic radius [pm]222
specific heat [J g-1K-1]0,16
heat of fusion [kJ mol-1]16,84
thermal conductivity [W m-1 K-1]17
el. conductivity [S m-1]1,4.106
1. ionizing potential [eV]6,1843
2. ionizing potential [eV]12,054
3. ionizing potential [eV]26,367
Vickers hardness [MPa]520
Brinell hardness [MPa]471
shear modulus [GPa]31
Young's modulus [GPa]74
Curie point [K]25
state at normal conditionssolid