Silicon

Latin nameSilicium
English nameSilicon
chemical symbolSi
atomic number14
relative atomic mass28,0855
period3
groupIV.A
classificationmetalloids
discovery year1822
discovererJ. J. Berzelius
melting point [°C]1410
boiling point [°C]3265
density [g cm-3]2,33
density at melting point [g cm-3]2,57
electronegativity [Pauling]1,8
oxidation statesII, IV
electron configuration[Ne]3s2 3p2
atomic radius [pm]111
covalent radius [pm]111
specific heat [J g-1K-1]0,71
heat of fusion [kJ mol-1]50,55
thermal conductivity [W m-1 K-1]149
el. conductivity [S m-1]4.102
1. ionizing potential [eV]8,1517
2. ionizing potential [eV]16,345
3. ionizing potential [eV]33,492
Mohs hardness6,5
Young's modulus [GPa]47
state at normal conditionssolid

Resources